Peran Teknologi Blockchain dalam Keamanan Data IoT: Analisis Sistematis Tren dan Tantangan

Abstract

The rapid growth of the Internet of Things (IoT) has significantly increased device connectivity across various sectors, but it also introduces serious data security challenges. The distributed and heterogeneous architecture of IoT, combined with limited computational resources, makes it vulnerable to cyberattacks, data manipulation, and information leakage. Blockchain   technology emerges as a promising solution due to its decentralization, transparency, and immutability characteristics. This study aims to systematically analyze the role of blockchain   in enhancing IoT data security, identify research trends, architectural models, and implementation challenges. The method used is a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) of scientific articles indexed in Google Scholar, IEEE Xplore, ScienceDirect, and SpringerLink from 2018–2025. The results indicate that blockchain   integration improves data integrity, device authentication, and secure information exchange in IoT environments. However, challenges remain, including scalability, transaction latency, energy consumption, and device resource limitations. This study provides a comprehensive research trend mapping and future development opportunities for blockchain  -based IoT security.